Apparatus for electrical treatment of fluids



J. J. JAKOSKY APPARATUS FOR ELECTRICAL TREATMENT OF FLUIDS July 21,1931.

Filed June 12, 1928 Patented duly 2i, lg ll JOHN J. J

4 tiara aria Feta +510SKY, 0F I408 ANGELES, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOB T0 C &C DEVELOPING COMPANY, OF KANSAS CITY, MISSOURI, A. CORPORATION 01ARIZONA APPARATUS FOR ELECTRICAL TREATMENT OF FLUIDS Application filedJune 12,

tion of a high tension electric field maintained between opposedelectrodes, the electric field generally being characterized by acontinuous or intermittent silent or corona electric discharge betweenthe electrodes. One of the electrodes is usually of small surface areaand sharp contour and the other usually has a comparatively extendedsmooth surface.

A characteristic construction embodying the above features comprises atreating chamber, substantially circular in cross section, the interiorwalls of which constitute the electrode having the moreextended surface,and a fine wire extending axially of the chamber and constituting theopposed electrode of small surface area and sharp contour. Theelectrical discharge may be unidirectional or it may take place inalternating directions between the electrodes according to the use towhich the apparatus is put, but in any event in all such uses the moreintense electrical field about the electrode of sharper contour performsan important function in electrically charging or otherwise acting uponthe fluids treated, for the acceleration of reactions therein on forprecipitation ofparticles therefrom, and that electrode has generallybeen termed the discharge electrode, the other being generally termedthereceiving or collecting electrode.

In using apparatus of the type just described, it is often desirable totreat fluids at high temperatures and in this connection it is desirableto measure the temperature in the treating chamber, especially as thistemperature must sometimes be controlled within fairly close limits. Inview of the foregoing conditions however, especially because of the useof the .high tension current, measurement of temperature in the treatingchamber is sometimes made with 192%. Serial No. 284,750.

difliculty or inconvenience and in any event involves the use of extraor special equipment.

The general object of the present-inven tion is to provide an apparatusof the type hereinbefore mentioned, a portion of which functions as partof the treating apparatus and also as part of means for measuring thetemperature in the treating chamber, thus reducing the amount ofequipment needed.

Another object of the invention is to provide improved means ofmeasuring high temperatures especially suitable for use under theconditions hereinbefore mentioned. The foregoing and other objects andnovel features of the invention will appear more clearly from theconcrete embodiment hereinafter described and illustrated in theaccompanying drawings forming a part hereof, but it is to be understoodthat the embodiment referred to is merely illustrative of my inventionand that other embodiments may be made within the scope of the inventionas defined in the appended claims.

In the drawings, F ig, l is a vertical longitudinal sectional view ofonetype of apparatus in which my invention is embodied, and

Figs. 2, 3 and 4 are enlarged fragmentary views showing details of thepointer adjustment mechanism.

Referring to the drawings, the treating chamber for receiving the fluidsto be treated is composed of a tubular section 1 (much shortened as hereshown to bring it within the allowable limits of the drawings),substantially circular in cross section and of conducting material; andupper and lower heads or covers 2 and 3, respectively, removably securedthereto, the interior walls of this chamber, and more particularl thetubular section, forming the electro e of larger area employed in theapparatus.

The fluids to be treated are assed upwardly or downwardly through tlietreating chamber as desired through conduits or openings 4 and 5provided near the top and bottom, respectively, of the treating chamber.

The discharge electrode 6 may consist, for

example, of a finewire which is suspended axially in the verticallyextending tube 1, very small gage nichrome wire being suitable for thepurpose.

The parts of the apparatus thus far described are of well knownconstruction and arrangement and my invention relates more particularlyto novel means for utilizing the discharge electrode not only as adischarge electrode, but also as a temperature measuring element toindicate the temperature in the treating chamber.

The discharge electrode 6 is stretched between a lower insulator 7,secured to the inside of lower cover plate 3, and a flexible closuremember or cap 8 adj ustably mounted on hollow upper insulator 9. Thedischarge electrode is freely movable in the hollow upper insulator 9which surrounds the upper portion of said electrode. Upper in- ."lator 9extends through an opening in upper cover plate 2, the joint, betweenthe insulator and the cover plate being closed by suitable packing 10and packing gland 11 which also tends to hold the insulator in place.

Also adjustably mounted on insulator 9 and held in place therein by anysuitable clamping or other retaining means is an arm or bracket 12 whichsu ports suitable indicating mechanism, said indicating mechanism beingconnected to the movable end of the discharge electrode 6 so that assaid electrode expands and contracts under changes of temperature in thetreating chamber, such changes of temperature will be shown by theindicating mechanism. The indicating mechanism may var in structurewithin the broad scope of t e invention, but in the present instance itcomprises the dial 13 provided with a suitable scale 14. Mounted on thedial 13 is a bracket 15' between the arms 16 and 17 of which ispivotally mounted intermediate its ends at 18 lever 19, one end of whichis connected by the link or connection 20 to the flexible closure memberor cap 8 and the electrode 6 so that movement of said electrode isthereby transmitted to lever 19. Loosely mounted on pivot 18 is apointer or index member 21 having a laterally extending lug orprojection 22 in which is screw threaded an adjustment screw 23. One endof the adjustment screw 23 is urged into contact with lever 19 'by thecompression spring 24, one end of which is connected to the pointer 21and the other end being cojinected to a screw 25 adjustably mounted byscrew threads or the like in pin 26 mounted on dial 13. It will at oncebe seen that spring 24 acts through pointer 21, screw 23 and lever 19 tomaintain the discharge electrode under suitable tension and that theadjustment screw 23 provides means for adjusting the relative angularposition of lever 19 and pointer 21. i

In setting up the apparatus, the discharge electrode is first secured tothe lower electrode 7, and bracket member 12 and flexible closure 8 areadjusted along the upper insulator 9 to place a certain amount oftension upon the discharge electrode, the members 8 and 12 providing arough adjustment for this purpose. The members 8 and 12 are then clampedin place and the tension of the spring 24 is regulated by the screw 25and then by means of the screw 23 the fine adjustment mechanism issuitably regulated to positionthe pointer 21 in the proper place withregard to-the scale 14 I on the dial 13. o

It will thus be seen that the discharge electrode 6 functions not onlyas a discharge electrode, but also as a temperature measuring element,not only reducing the amount of equipment needed, but eliminating thenecessity of any projecting parts in the treating chamber with theirattendant disadvantages.

It is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the exactconstruction illustrated and described and that various changes indetails of construction can be made without departing from the scope ofthe invention as set out in the claims.

hat is claimed is:

1. In apparatus for electrical treatment of fluids, a combined electrodeand temperature measuring element.

2. In apparatus for electrical treatment of fluids, a dischargeelectrode, a collecting elect-rode and means for insulating said.electrodes, one of said electrodes also congti tuting a temperaturemeasuring element.

In apparatus for electrical treatment of fluids, a treating chamber, adischarge electrode therein, and means connected to said electrodeoperable by the expansion and contraction of said electrode to indicatethe temperature in said treating chamber.

4. In combination with a treating cham ber, a combined dischargeelectrode and expansion element within said chamber and extendingthrough an opening therein, indicating means connected to said combineddischarge electrode and expansion element and permitting movement ofsaid expansion element, and means for sealing said opening andpermitting movement of said expansion element and discharge electrode tobe transmitted to said indicating means.

5. In combination with a treating chamber, a e mbined dischargeelectrode and expansion element within said chamber and extendingthrough an opeping in one wall thereof, atubular insulator extending insaid opening. and surrounding said elec trode and expansion element,expansible means mounted on said insulator and connected to saidelectrode and expansion elefment, and indicating means connected to saidexpansible means.

6. In combination with a treating chamber, a combined dischargeelectrode and expansion element extending vertically therein, upper andlower insulators for holding said electrode and expansion element inplace, said uppeninsulator comprising a hollow tube surrounding saidelectrode and expansion element, expansible means connected to saidelectrode and expansion element, said expansible means being mounted onsaid upper insulator and sealing one end thereof, and indicating meansconnected to said expansible means.

7. In apparatus for electrical treatment of fluids, a treating chamber,acombined discharge electrode and expansion element extending into saidchamber through an opening in one wall thereof, a tubular insulatorextending in said opening and surrounding said electrode and expansionele ment, an expansible cap connected to said electrode and expansionelement, said cap mounted on said insulator and sealing the same, andindicating means operated by said electrode and expansion element.

8. In a pyrometer, the combination, with a chamber for the medium whosetemperature is to be measured, of an expansion element within saidchamber, indicating means on'the exterior of said chamber, connected tosaid expansion element, and expansible means sealing said chamber andpermitting movement of said expansion element to be transmitted to saidindicating means. V

9. In a pyrometer, the combination, with a chamber for the medium whosetemperature is tobe measured, of an expansion element within saidchamber, expansible means sealing one end of said chamber, saidexpansion element connected to said expansible means and freely moving.the same, and indicating means connected to said expansible means.

10. In a pyrometer, the combination, with a chamber for the medium whosetemperature is to be measured, of an expansion -element within saidchamber, expansible dial, and means for adjusting therelative positionof said lever and pointer.

'12. In a pyrometer, an expansion element having one end fixed and theother end signature.

JOHN J. JAKQSKY.

